Name: Escherichia Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Esche.rich’i.a. N.L. fem. n. Escherichia, named after Theodor Escherich, who isolated the type species of the genus

Gender: feminine (stem: Escherichi-)

Type species: Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Castellani A, Chalmers AJ. Manual of Tropical Medicine, 3rd ed. Williams Wood and Co., New York, 1919.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP, conserved name

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Atlantibacter" Hata et al. 2016	heterotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • Nomenclatural type of the family Enterobacteriaceae (ex Rahn 1937) Ewing et al. 1980. Publication: Ewing WH, Farmer Iii JJ, Brenner DJ. Proposal of Enterobacteriaceae fam. nov., nom. rev. to replace Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937, nom. fam. cons. (Opin. 15, Jud. Comm. 1958), which lost standing in nomenclature on 1 January 1980. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1980; 30:674-675.
  • Nomenclatural type of the family Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Rahn O. New Principles for the Classification of Bacteria. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Abteilung II. 1937; 96:273-286.
  • Nomenclatural type of the order "Enterobacteriales" Garrity and Holt 2001. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • Nomenclatural type of the tribe Escherichieae Bergey et al. 1939 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Bergey DH, Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens (eds) AP. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 5th ed. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1939.
  • Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this genus to the tribe "Bactereae". Publication: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1923.
  • Breed et al. (1948) assigned this genus to the tribe "Eschericheae". Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • Breed et al. (1957) assigned this genus to the tribe Escherichieae Bergey et al. 1939 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Parker CD. Genus V. Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 83-88.
  • Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
  • Cavalier-Smith (1987) assigned this genus to the uncategorized "Murnebacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1987. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The origin of eukaryotic and archaebacterial cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1987; 503:17-54.
  • Cavalier-Smith (1998) assigned this genus to the infraphylum "Chromatibacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1998. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 1998; 73:203-266.
  • The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Bacillus Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Migula W. Bacteriaceae (Stabchenbacterien). In: Engler A, Prantl K (eds), Die Naturlichen Pfanzenfamilien, Teil I, Abteilung Ia, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1895, p. 20-30.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Ascherichia"; "Bscherichia"; "Eacherichia"; "Echerchia"; "Echerichia"; "Ecsherichia"; "Eescherichia"; "Ekcherichia"; "Esakerichia"; "Escbericbia"; "Escberichia"; "Escehrichia"; "Escerichia"; "Eschczrichia"; "Eschefichia"; "Escheichia"; "Escheiichia"; "Eschenchia"; "Eschenichia"; "Escherchia"; "Eschercihia"; "Escherechia"; "Escherecia"; "Eschericbia"; "Eschericha"; "Eschericheria"; "Escherichiaa"; "Escherichica"; "Escherichina"; "Escherichla"; "Escherichra"; "Escherichza"; "Eschericia"; "Eschericiha"; "Escherickia"; "Eschericliia"; "Eschericljia"; "Eschericlria"; "Eschericlua"; "Eschericlzia"; "Escherinhia"; "Escherischia"; "Escherischza"; "Escherishia"; "Escherochia"; "Eschertchia"; "Escherzchia"; "Eschetichia"; "Eschetihia"; "Eschevichia"; "Eschierchia"; "Eschierichia"; "Eschlerichia"; "Eschorichia"; "Eschprichia"; "Eschrichia"; "Eschrrichia"; "Eschzerichia"; "Esckerichia"; "Esckrichia"; "Esclherichia"; "Esclierichia"; "Escllerichia"; "Esclrerichia"; "Esclzerichia"; "Eseherichia"; "Eshcerichia"; "Eshcherichia"; "Esherchia"; "Esherichia"; "Esiherichia"; "Esohcrichia"; "Esvherichia"; "Ewcherichia"; "Exchcrichia"; "Excherichia"; "Fscherichia"; "Sscherichia"; "Zscherichia".
  • This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Holmes B, Farmer Iii JJ. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Enterobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 7 August 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2009; 59:2643-2645.
  • The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: CIP: 9; DSM: 7; LMG: 7; JCM: 6; ATCC: 6; NCTC: 6; NBRC: 5; CCUG: 5; NCCB: 2; CGMCC: 1.
  • Conserved name (Judicial Opinion 26). Conservation not against another name but with a new circumscription, establishing a new nomenclatural type. Publication: Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 26. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1963; 13:35-36.
  • Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "ESCH" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • According to Judicial Opinion 15 the genus Escherichia Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980) is the type genus of the family Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 15. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1958; 8:73-74.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 6
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 9
Total number of child taxa: 13

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Escherichia adecarboxylata Leclerc 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Escherichia albertii Huys et al. 2003	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Escherichia blattae Burgess et al. 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Escherichia faecium" Daeschlein et al. 2007	not validly published
    Escherichia fergusonii Farmer et al. 1985	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Escherichia hermannii Brenner et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Escherichia hominis" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published
    Escherichia marmotae Liu et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Escherichia pseudocoscoroba" Castellani and Chalmers 1919	not validly published
    Escherichia ruysiae van der Putten et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Escherichia vulneris Brenner et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Escherichia whittamii" Gilroy et al. 2021	not validly published

Parent taxon: Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Ewing WH, Farmer Iii JJ, Brenner DJ. Proposal of Enterobacteriaceae fam. nov., nom. rev. to replace Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937, nom. fam. cons. (Opin. 15, Jud. Comm. 1958), which lost standing in nomenclature on 1 January 1980. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1980; 30:674-675.

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Record number: 515602